SELECT MAX(PRE.PF_CODE) AS 都道府県コード
     ,MAX(PRE.PF_NAME) AS 都道府県名
     ,MAX(PT2015.TOTAL_AMT) AS 総人口2015年
     ,MAX(PT2020.TOTAL_AMT) AS 総人口2020年
     ,MAX(ROUND((CAST(PT2020.TOTAL_AMT AS REAL) / CAST(PT2015.TOTAL_AMT AS REAL) * 100))) AS 人口増加率

FROM  POPU_TRANSITION MAIN

LEFT JOIN PREFECTURE PRE
ON  MAIN.PF_CODE = PRE.PF_CODE
LEFT JOIN POPU_TRANSITION PT2015
ON  MAIN.PF_CODE = PT2015.PF_CODE
AND PT2015.SURVEY_YEAR = 2015
LEFT JOIN POPU_TRANSITION PT2020
ON  MAIN.PF_CODE = PT2020.PF_CODE
AND PT2020.SURVEY_YEAR = 2020   

WHERE CAST(PT2020.TOTAL_AMT AS REAL) - CAST(PT2015.TOTAL_AMT AS REAL) > 0

GROUP BY MAIN.PF_CODE
ORDER BY 
       人口増加率 DESC
      ,都道府県コード