SELECT 
 PF.PF_CODE AS 都道府県コード
 , PF.PF_NAME AS 都道府県名
 , POPU_15.TOTAL_AMT AS 総人口2015年
 , POPU_20.TOTAL_AMT AS 総人口2020年
 , ROUND(CAST(POPU_20.TOTAL_AMT AS REAL) / CAST(POPU_15.TOTAL_AMT AS REAL) * 100, 0) AS 人口増加率
FROM
 PREFECTURE PF
 INNER JOIN 
    (SELECT
     PF_CODE
     , TOTAL_AMT
    FROM
     POPU_TRANSITION
    WHERE
     SURVEY_YEAR = '2015') AS POPU_15
    ON PF.PF_CODE = POPU_15.PF_CODE
 INNER JOIN 
    (SELECT
     PF_CODE
     , TOTAL_AMT
    FROM
     POPU_TRANSITION
    WHERE
     SURVEY_YEAR = '2020') AS POPU_20
    ON PF.PF_CODE = POPU_20.PF_CODE
    AND POPU_20.TOTAL_AMT > POPU_15.TOTAL_AMT

ORDER BY
 人口増加率 DESC
 , 都道府県コード ASC