select y2015.PF_CODE 都道府県コード,y2015.PF_NAME 都道府県名,y2015.TOTAL_AMT as 総人口2015年,y2020.TOTAL_AMT as 総人口2020年,
round(cast(y2020.TOTAL_AMT as real) * 100/cast(y2015.TOTAL_AMT as real),0) 人口増加率
from
(select POPU_TRANSITION.PF_CODE,PF_NAME,TOTAL_AMT
from POPU_TRANSITION
inner join PREFECTURE
on POPU_TRANSITION.PF_CODE = PREFECTURE.PF_CODE
where SURVEY_YEAR = 2015) as y2015

inner join

(select POPU_TRANSITION.PF_CODE,PF_NAME,TOTAL_AMT
from POPU_TRANSITION
inner join PREFECTURE
on POPU_TRANSITION.PF_CODE = PREFECTURE.PF_CODE
where SURVEY_YEAR = 2020) as y2020
on y2015.PF_CODE = y2020.PF_CODE 

where 人口増加率>100

order by 人口増加率 desc, 都道府県コード