select 
    p1.pf_code `都道府県コード`,
    (select pf_name from prefecture p where p.pf_code = p1.pf_code) `都道府県名`,
    p1.total_amt `総人口2015年`, 
    p2.total_amt `総人口2020年`,
    round(p2.total_amt * 100.0 /  p1.total_amt) `人口増加率`
from (select * from popu_transition where survey_year=2015) p1 
    inner join (select * from popu_transition where survey_year=2020) p2 
    on p1.pf_code = p2.pf_code
where `人口増加率` > 100
order by
    `人口増加率` desc, `都道府県コード`